Kaupapa Māori AI Framework

I am excited to release, perhaps the world’s first Indigenous Peoples AI Framework for understanding and describing the nature of an Artificial Intelligence (AI). Drawing on mātauranga Māori, tikanga Māori, and te reo Māori, the framework is encapsulated in the whakatauāki :He Tangata, He Karetao, He Ātārangi” (A person, a puppet, a shadow). Each term describes … Read more

Facial Recognition, Algorithmic Bias, and Compounded Harm to Māori and Pacific Communities

A new paper I’ve written looks at Foodstuffs South Island’s facial recognition trial in Christchurch and raises serious questions about who bears the risk. The three trial stores sit in suburbs where Māori and Pacific populations are well below the city average. The stores excluded from the trial are in the suburbs with the highest … Read more

Māori AI and Unequal Futures

The New Zealand Reserve Bank released a report “Assessing AI and Robotics Exposure in the New Zealand Labour Market Using Large Language Models“. The analysis finds that Māori workers appear to have lower exposure to AI and robotics than other groups. While this may initially seem positive, it risks being misinterpreted. In the report, higher AI … Read more

Autonomous AI Governance Guidance for New Zealand Organisations

This document provides governance guidance for New Zealand organisations considering the deployment of autonomous AI agents. It is not legal advice. It is written by a practitioner with governance experience in New Zealand and expertise in international AI governance. Autonomous AI agents such as OpenClaw represent a material shift in organisational risk. Unlike conventional AI, … Read more

Bias in Health AI

When Clinical Algorithms Don’t See Us. Māori Data Sovereignty Approaches to Detecting and Mitigating Bias in Health AI The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithmic decision support in health systems is unfolding within long standing patterns of inequity for Indigenous peoples. In Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori already experience systematic barriers to care, racism, … Read more

Māori Forensic Deceased Data

icon

Tikanga Māori Perspectives on Forensic Data: Dr Angela Clark on Digital Governance for Tūpāpaku in Aotearoa New Zealand Emerging forensic technologies, high-resolution imaging, 3D reconstructions, and AI-assisted analysis are rapidly changing how data from tūpāpaku (the deceased) is created, used, shared, and stored in Aotearoa New Zealand. While these tools can improve identification outcomes and … Read more

Māori views of Digital Credentials

In New Zealand, a digital credential is a secure, digital version of something that proves who you are or what you’re entitled to, for example your identity, age, or role in a business that you can store in a wallet style phone or device app and present online or in person. This includes your digital … Read more

Will the AI bubble burst

ai burst

Is the AI Bubble About to Burst? Understanding the 2025 Market Wobble Recent headlines warning of an “AI bubble burst” have dominated tech news as AI-linked stocks experience significant volatility. But before we panic, we need to understand: what does history tell us about technology booms, busts, and the real value that emerges afterward? AI … Read more

AI and Generative AI Policy template for education

children typing on a laptop

An AI & Generative AI Policy in education isn’t optional anymore. Schools and tertiary institutions are already surrounded by AI, whether they have a policy or not. Students are using ChatGPT style tools to draft essays, teachers are turning to AI to plan lessons, and admin teams are experimenting with AI for reporting, analytics, and … Read more

Risks of AI Agents to Māori

UNESCO/AIGeneratedAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

AI Agents are to Māori what Captain Cook and his Endeavour Ship and crew were. If Māori understood the challenges and intergenerational colonisation they were capable of, the historical outcomes would be very different. Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents are rapidly becoming autonomous actors within social, economic, and governmental systems. For Māori, these agents introduce new … Read more

Loss of mātauranga to AI

image of koukourarata bay

Using paid, proprietary AI subscription services to build reo Māori and mātauranga models introduces serious risks of cultural appropriation, loss of control, and contested ownership. Māori have always been quick to adopt and adapt new technologies. Much of our traditional knowledge is only now being recognised as innovative within contemporary scientific fields. So when ChatGPT … Read more

AI and Pepeha

Cam River

After generations of successful assimilation of Māori culture by governments including Native Schools, Tohunga Suppression Act, The Hunn Report, etc, many Māori were left without knowing their identity. There has been an increasing trend for those Māori individuals to reclaim back that knowledge. For many people, they are disconnected from their families and communities, so … Read more

Meta Algorithms discriminate NZ businesses

Recently, RNZ identified more than 30 New Zealanders, including a number of small businesses who have had their Facebook or Instagram accounts suspended after being accused of violating Meta’s community standards. This raises concerns about how Meta Algorithms discriminate against NZ businesses. Most concerningly, the suspensions were linked to allegations of sharing child exploitation or … Read more

AI Facial Detection Technology miss-identified 3 Māori men

Maori man being analysed with FRT

Google AI search that uses Face Detection Technology miss-identified me and two other Māori men by interchanging images and representing the other men as me. Māori Data Sovereignty Principles could have protected us. The other Māori men are: Brian Dickey KC of Waikato-Tainui (Ngāti Maahanga), Kingi Snelgar (Ngāpuhi, Ngāti Whakaue, Te Whakatōhea and Ngāi Tahu) … Read more

Critical Analysis of Te Mana Raraunga Data Principles

Ai generated image. Prompt create an image of Aotearoa new Zealand using binary code and Māori art"

As a follow on from the findings of the State of the Nation Māori Data Governance 2025 Report, this is one of a series of articles analysing established Māori Data Governance Frameworks with a Te Ao Māori and Data Governance lens. This article presents a critical analysis of the Te Mana Raraunga The Māori Data … Read more

Māori Data Governance Report

This report examines the current landscape of Māori data sovereignty and governance in New Zealand. The research, conducted over 12 months, underscores the critical importance of Māori data sovereignty in the age of artificial intelligence (AI) to prevent bias and uphold Māori rights. A key finding reveals a significant disparity between established Māori data governance frameworks and … Read more

NZ AI productivity report 3 and Māori

The AI Forum released their third “BI-ANNUAL SNAPSHOT AI IN ACTION Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on New Zealand’s Productivity“. This is the second consecutive time Māori and the first time Pacific Peoples are included. The report recognises that 44% of New Zealanders believe the benefits of AI outweigh the risks, and concerns are … Read more

Protecting Māori from AI and algorithmic bias

Co Pilot image: create an image of tino rangatiratanga flag, digital networks with binary, moko and a marae

The digital future is being written right now. AI is already here. Māori are at a crossroads. Māori Data Sovereignty is now a must. In an increasingly digitised world, Artificial Intelligence systems and algorithms shape key aspects of daily life, from healthcare to law enforcement. However, these technologies are often developed without sufficient regard for … Read more