Predictive Txt Database

This paper was first published in 2011. It looked at the Māori words in Telecom New Zealand’s predictive text list and compared them with lists of common Māori words used in New Zealand English and by Māori speakers. It found the Telecom list was incomplete and used macrons and transliterations inconsistently. It recommended updating both New Zealand English and Māori predictive text databases.The paper is reproduced here in full as a historical record, along with its word lists. The search box above the appendices filters every list, with or without macrons.

——————–

Recommendation to update the NZ predictive TXT database: to create a new Māori predictive TXT database.

Using word frequency lists including: a Māori predictive text list, lists of common Māori words in New Zealand English and common Māori words used in Māori. I discuss and analyse which words would be most beneficial in a Māori predictive text database for Māori and introduce the need to update New Zealand English databases used for predictive texting and spell checking.

Executive Summary

There are over 16,000 Māori words that have been incorporated into the New Zealand English language. From this list, there are 456 common Māori words in the English Language that should be included in a default New Zealand English dictionary, spellchecker and predictive text, if it is not possible to include the whole 16,000 words.

From an estimated total of 150,000 Māori words, Boyce (2006) suggests that there are about 1000 common Māori words that are frequently used by Māori speakers. This list should form the basis of any Māori language proofing tool including predictive text.

Methodology

Using word frequency lists, a Māori predictive text list as used by a Telecom New Zealand and lists of common Māori word lists, I separated them into two categories.

One category is of common Māori words as spoken by Māori speakers. The second category is a list of Māori words that appear in the English language.

All duplicates were deleted from each list resulting in the two separate word lists.

Introduction

Statistically Māori people are high users of mobile phones.¹ In the past this was attributed to credit related issues associated with having a landline installed. In recent times, I believe the high usage of mobile phones and media is attributed to the entertainment value.

There are over 16,000 Māori words that have become a part of New Zealand English language: words including place names, street names, government departments, geography, birds, plants, animals, insects, Waitangi Tribunal words, personal names etc. These words are unique only to New Zealand and are in common use with New Zealand English speakers.

Operating systems that allow the community to create predictive text and spell checkers are becoming popular and include Android, Microsoft Custom Dictionaries and Open Source tools such as Aspell. As such, the need to offer words lists and research to assist developers is now long overdue.

Analysis of the Telecom New Zealand Predictive Text list

In the Telecom New Zealand list (2009), it is interesting to note that transliterations are used for months but not for days of the week. I have yet to see any written material where this occurs. In my experience people will usually use either transliterations for both months and days, or the more traditional words for both months and days.

It is a curious observation that the word Māori appears in the list without a macron, yet macrons are implemented elsewhere in the list. I believe this creates a further justification for an updated New Zealand predictive database that does not include macrons on commonly misspelt Māori words.

When the common Māori words in New Zealand English word lists are combined together there are a total of 456 unique words with only 38 words that appear in the original predictive word list. Likewise, Boyce’s (2006) 978 high frequency Māori words of Māori speakers, 58 appear in the predictive text word list while another 55 do not.

Conclusion

The currently available predictive word lists of Māori words is incomplete and could cause some issues with the haphazard use of transliterations and traditional words and the omission of macrons on some words. It does not accurately reflect common words in either the Māori or English Language.

Recommendation

All 16,000 common Māori words in the English Language or at least the 456 most common Māori words that appear in New Zealand English are incorporated into an updated New Zealand English predictive text database.
The list of common Māori words used by Māori speakers is incorporated into an updated New Zealand Māori predictive text database.

References

Boyce, M. (2006). Compilation of a Māori language broadcast corpus. Retrieved from http://tereomaori.tki.org.nz/content/download/2031/11466/file/1000%20frequent%20words%20of%20M%C4%81ori-%20in%20frequency%20order.doc

Macalister, J. (2005). A dictionary of Māori words in New Zealand English.

Māori Language Web site. Retrieved from http://www.maorilanguage.net/phrase_drills/phrase_drills_lesson.cfm?learningsubcategoryid=17

NZ History. Retrieved from http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/maori-language-week/100-maori-words

New Zealand Slang Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.newzealandslang.com

Taiuru, K. N. Personal web site and research. http://www.taiuru.maori.nz

Telecom New Zealand. (2009). TXT te reo Māori ki Telecom. Retrieved from http://www.telecom-media.co.nz/releases_detail.asp?id=3599&page=1&pagesize=10

¹ http://www.tpk.govt.nz/en/in-print/our-publications/fact-sheets/use-of-broadcasting-and-e-media-maori-language-and-culture/page/7/ ↩

Appendix I

Telecom New Zealand’s Māori predictive word list (114 words)

Source: Telecom New Zealand (2009), http://www.telecom-media.co.nz/releases_detail.asp?id=3599&page=1&pagesize=10

Core vocabulary

Kupu	Meaning
Aotearoa	Land of the long white cloud
aroha	Compassion, tenderness, sustaining love
haere mai	Welcome! Enter!
haere mai	Welcome!, come!
haka	Chant with dance for the purpose of challenge
hangi	Traditional feast prepared under earth
hapū	Clan, tribe, independent section of a people; modern usage – sub-tribe; to be born
hīkoi	Walk
hui	A meeting of any kind, conference, gathering
iwi	People, nation; modern usage – tribe; bones
kai	Food
karakia	Prayer
karanga	The ceremony of calling to the guests to welcome them to enter the marae
kaumātua	Elder or elders, senior people in a kin group
kauri	Large native tree
kia ora	Hi!, g’day! (general informal greeting)
kiwi	Bird
koha	Gift, present
kōhanga reo	Early childhood centre
mana	Authority, power; secondary meaning: reputation, influence
Māori	Indigenous inhabitants
marae	The area for formal discourse in front of a meeting house or applied to a whole marae complex, including meeting house, dining hall, forecourt, etc.
moana	Sea, or large lake
Pākehā	People living in New Zealand of British/European origin
pounamu	Greenstone, jade
rangatira	Person of chiefly rank, boss, owner
tama	Son, young man, youth
tamāhine	Daughter
tāne	Man, Husband, men, husbands
tangata whenua	Original people belonging to a place, local people, hosts
tangi	Short (verbal version) for the above (gerund) or to cry, to mourn
taonga	Treasured possessions or cultural items, anything precious
tapu	Sacred, not to be touched, to be avoided because sacred, taboo
te reo Māori	The Māori language
Tēnā koe	Formal greeting to one person
tuakana	Senior relative, older brother of a brother, older sister of a sister
wahine	Woman, wife (wāhine women, wives)
wai	Water
waiata	Song or chant which follows speech
waka	Canoe, canoe group (all the iwi and hapū descended from the crew of a founding waka)
whakapapa	Genealogy, to recite genealogy, to establish kin connections
whānau	Extended or non-nuclear family
whanaunga	Kin, relatives
whāngai	Fostered or adopted child, young person
wharenui	Meeting house
whenua	Land, homeland, country; also afterbirth, placenta

Months of the year

Kupu	English
Hanuere	January
Pepuere	February
Maehe	March
Aperira	April
Mei	May
Hune	June
Hūrae	July
Akuhata	August
Hepetema	September
Oketopa	October
Noema	November
Tīhema	December

Numbers

Kupu	Number
tāhi	1
rua	2
toru	3
whā	4
rima	5
ono	6
whitu	7
waru	8
iwa	9
tekau	10

Days of the week

Kupu	English
Rāhina	Monday
Rātū	Tuesday
Rāapa	Wednesday
Rāpare	Thursday
Rāmere	Friday
Rāhoroi	Saturday
Rātapu	Sunday

Place names

Aoraki
Cape Reinga
Hawera
Hokaianga
Hokitika
Kaikoura
Kaitaia
Motueka
Oamaru
Ohakune
Orewa
Piha
Rangitoto
Rotorua
Taupo
Tauranga
Te Anau
Tokoroa
Waitangi
Wanaka
Wanganui
Whakatane
Whangamata
Whangarei
Whitianga

Appendix II

Common Māori words in the English Language

50 Māori words every New Zealander should know

Sourced from http://www.maorilanguage.net/phrase_drills/phrase_drills_lesson.cfm?learningsubcategoryid=17

Kupu	Meaning
Aotearoa	New Zealand, long white cloud
Aroha	love
Awa	river
Haka	generic term for Māori dance.
Hāngi	traditional feast prepared in earth oven
Hapū	clan, sub-tribe; to be born
Hīkoi	walk
Hui	gathering, meeting
Iti	small
Iwi	tribe
Kai	food
Karakia	prayer
Kaumātua	elder
Kauri	large native conifer
Kiwi	native flightless bird
Koha	gift, present usually money, can be food or precious items, given by guest to hosts
kōhanga reo	language nest, Māori immersion pre-school 0 to 4 years
mahi	work or activity
mana	prestige, reputation
manuhiri	guests, visitors
Māori	indigenous inhabitants of New Zealand, the language of the indigenous inhabitants of New Zealand
Marae	the area for formal discourse in front of a meeting house, or applied to a whole marae complex
Maunga	mountain
Moa	extinct large flightless bird
Moana	sea
Motu	island
Nui	large, many, big
Pā	hill fort
Pākehā	New Zealander of non-Māori descent, usually European
Pounamu	greenstone, jade
Puku	belly, stomach
Rangatira	person of chiefly rank, boss
Taihoa	to delay, to wait, to hold off to allow maturation of plans etc.
Tama	son, young man, youth
Tamāhine	daughter
Tamariki	children
Tāne	man, husband, men, husbands
Tangi	funeral
Taonga	treasured possessions or cultural items, anything precious
Tapu	sacred, not to be touched, to be avoided because sacred, taboo
te reo Māori	the Māori Language
tipuna/ tupuna	ancestor
tuatara	lizard like reptile
wahine	woman, wife
wai	water
waiata	song or chant
waka	canoe, canoe group
whaikōrero	the art and practise of speech-making
whakapapa	genealogy, to recite genealogy
whānau	extended family
whenua	land, homeland

100 Māori words every New Zealander should know

Source: http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/maori-language-week/100-maori-words

The marae

Kupu	Meaning
Haere mai!	Welcome! Enter!
Haka	chant with dance for the purpose of challenge; (see other references to haka on this site)
Hui	a meeting of any kind, conference, gathering
Kaikōrero or kaiwhai kōrero	speaker (there are many other terms)
Karanga	the ceremony of calling to the guests to welcome them to enter the marae
Koha	gift, present (usually money, can be food or precious items, given by guest to hosts)
Manuhiri	guests, visitors
Marae	the area for formal discourse in front of a meeting house or applied to a whole marae complex, including meeting house, dining hall, forecourt, etc.
Nau mai!	Welcome!
Tangata whenua	original people belonging to a place, local people, hosts
Tangi	short (verbal version) for the above (gerund) or to cry, to mourn
Tangihanga	funeral ceremonies, when body is mourned on a marae
Waiata	song or chant which follows speech
Whaikōrero	the art and practise of speech making
Whare horoi	ablution block, bathroom
Whare kai	dining hall
Whare nui	meeting house; in writing this is sometimes run together as one word – wharenui
Whare pakū	lavatory, toilet
Whare whakairo	carved meeting house

Concepts

Kupu	Meaning
Aroha	compassion, tenderness, sustaining love
Ihi	power, authority, essential force
Mana	authority, power; secondary meaning: reputation, influence
Manaakitanga	respect for hosts or kindness to guests, to entertain, to look after
Mauri	hidden essential life force or a symbol of this
Noa	safe from tapu (see below), non-sacred, not tabooed
Raupatu	confiscate, take by force
Rohe	boundary, a territory (either geographical or spiritual) of an iwi or hapū
Taihoa	to delay, to wait, to hold off to allow maturation of plans, etc.
Tapu	sacred, not to be touched, to be avoided because sacred, taboo
Tiaki	to care for, look after, guard (kaitiaki – guardian, trustee)
Taonga	treasured possessions or cultural items, anything precious
Tino Rangatiratanga	the highest possible independent chiefly authority, paramount authority, sometimes used for sovereignty
Tūrangawaewae	a place to stand, a place to belong to, a seat or location of identity
Wehi	to be held in awe
Whakapapa	genealogy, to recite genealogy, to establish kin connections
Whenua	land, homeland, country; also afterbirth, placenta

People and their groups

Kupu	Meaning
Ariki	person of high inherited rank from senior lines of descent, male or female
Hapū	clan, tribe, independent section of a people; modern usage – sub-tribe; to be born
Iwi	people, nation; modern usage – tribe; bones
Kaumātua	elder or elders, senior people in a kin group
Ngāi Tātou	a way of referring to everyone present – we all
Pākehā	this word is not an insult; its derivation is obscure; it is the Māori word for people living in New Zealand of British/European origin; originally it would not have included, for example, Dalmatians, Italians, Greeks, Indians, Chinese, etc.
Rangatira	person of chiefly rank, boss, owner
Tama	son, young man, youth
Tamāhine	daughter
Tamaiti	one child
Tamariki	children
Tāne	man, husband, men, husbands
Teina/taina	junior relative, younger brother of a brother, younger sister of a sister
Tipuna/tupuna	ancestor
Tuahine	sister of a man
Tuakana	senior relative, older brother of a brother, older sister of a sister
Tungāne	brother of a sister
Wahine	woman, wife (wāhine women, wives)
Waka	canoe, canoe group (all the iwi and hapū descended from the crew of a founding waka)
Whāngai	fostered or adopted child, young person
Whānau	extended or non-nuclear family
Whanaunga	kin, relatives

Components of place names

Ordinary geographical features such as hills, rivers, cliffs, streams, mountains, the coast and adjectives describing them, such as small, big, little and long, are to be found in many place names. Here is a list so you can recognise them:

Kupu	Meaning
Au	current
Awa	river
Iti	small, little
Kai	one of the meanings of kai is food; in a place name it signifies a place where a particular food source was plentiful, e.g., Kaikōura, the place where crayfish (kōura) abounded and were eaten
Mānia	plain
Manga	stream
Maunga	mountain
Moana	sea, or large inland ‘sea’, e.g., Taupō
Motu	island
Nui	large, big
ō or o	means ‘of’ (so does a, ā); many names begin with ō, meaning the place of so-and-so, e.g., ōkahukura, ōkiwi, ōhau, etc.
One	sand, earth
Pae	ridge, range
Papa	flat
Poto	short
Puke	hill
Roa	long
Roto	lake; inside
Tai	coast, tide
Wai	water
Whanga	harbour, bay

Greetings

Kupu	Meaning
E noho rā	Goodbye (from a person leaving)
E haere rā	Goodbye (from a person staying)
Haere mai	Welcome!, Come!
Hei konā rā	Goodbye (less formal)
Kia ora	Hi!, G’day! (general informal greeting)
Mōrena	(Good) morning!
Nau mai	Welcome! Come!
Tēnā koe	formal greeting to one person
Tēnā kōrua	formal greeting to two people
Tēnā koutou	formal greeting to many people
Tēnā tātou kātoa	formal inclusive greeting to everybody present, including oneself

Body parts

Kupu	Meaning
Arero	tongue
Ihu	nose
Kakī	neck
Kauae, kauwae	chin
Kōpū	womb
Māhunga	hair (when used for hair must always be used in plural, indicated by ngā [the, plural]), head
Manawa	heart
Niho	teeth
Poho	chest (also called uma)
Puku	belly, stomach
Raho	testicles
Ringa	hand, arm
Toto	blood
Tou	anus
Turi	knee (also known as pona)
Tūtae	excrement, ordure
ū	breast (breast-milk is wai-ū)
Upoko	head
Ure	penis
Waewae	foot, feet, leg, legs

20 Māori words in New Zealand Slang

Source: http://www.newzealandslang.com

Kupu	Meaning
Aotearoa	most widely known and accepted Māori name for New Zealand, translated as “Land of the Long White Cloud”
Haere Mai	come here (Māori origin)
Haka	traditional Māori dance
Hamu	unlawfully demand somebody for food or money
Hangi	traditional Māori meal prepared in an underground oven
Hei matau	traditional Māori pendant, made from bone or greenstone carving in the shape of a highly stylized fish hook
Ka pai	good job (Māori origin)
Kai	food (Māori origin)
Kai moana	sea food (Māori origin)
Kete	basket made from weaved flax (common native plant)
Kia ora	hello (Māori origin)
Kina	sea urchin (Māori origin)
Kiwi	New Zealander
Kumara	sweet potato
Māori	native people to New Zealand
Moko	traditional Māori tattoo that covers the face and body
Pakeha	non–Māori of European descent
Tu meke	great (Māori origin)
Waka	vehicle
Whanau	family (Māori origin)

246 Māori Words in New Zealand English

Sourced from “A Dictionary of Māori Words in New Zealand English”, Edited by John Macalister.

The method of classifying if a Māori word is commonly used in the English language for this publication is some-what dubious. Macalister sources Māori words from a myriad of printed materials ranging from one off prints with a minority audience to published books. Many of the words references are obscure at best. As was Macalister’s intention, these however are words that appear in the English language.

Amo
haeremai
Haerera
Hāpuku
Heitiki
Hinau
Horoeka
Horopito
Houhere
Huhu
Hūia
Īnanga
Kahawai
Kahikatea
Kahikātoa
Kāhu
Kai
Kaikomako
Kāinga
Kākā
Kākāpō
Kākāriki
Kakino
Kāmahi
Kanae
Kanaka
Karaka
Karakia
Karakine
Karamu
Kareao
Karoro
Katipo
Kauri
Kawaka
Kawakawa
Kawau
kéhua
Kererū
Kete
Kia
Kiekie
Kiwi
Koe
koekoeā
Kohekohe
kōhoperoa
Kōhutuhutu
Kōkako
Kōkopu
Kōkōwai
Korau
Koreke
Kōrero
Korimako
Koromiko
Korua
Koruru
Kōtuku
Kōtukutuku
koukou
koutou
Kōwhai
kōwhai-ngutukaka
Kūaka
Kūmara
Kuri
Māhoe
Maihi
Maire
Mako
Makomako
Mākutu
Mānawa
Mangō
Mānuka
Marae
Maro
Matai
Matakite
Matipou
Matuku
Mere
mingi
Mingimingi
Miromiro
Mohua
Moki
moki
mokimoki
Muka
Namu
Neinei
Ngaio
Ngirungiru
Ngutukaka
Nikau
Niu
Noa
Ongaonga
Pa
Pākehā
Pāpāuma
Para
Pāraha
Parapara
Pare
Pārera
Pātaka
Patete
Pātiki
Patu
Pāua
Pihanga
Pikau
Pikiarero
Pingao
Piopio
Pipi
Pīpipi
Pipiwharauroa
Piripiri
Piupiu
Pīwakawaka
Pōhue
Pōhutukawa
Poi
Pōkākā
Ponga
Porangi
Porokaiwhiri
Poroporo
Pounamu
Poupou
Puawanānga
Puka
Pukatea
Pūkeko
Pūtangitangi
Ramarama
Rangatira
Rātā
Rauhuia
Raukawa
Raupeka
Raupeti
Raupo
Rengarenga
Rewarewa
Rimu
Riroriro
rō
roa
roaroa
Rongopai
Rua
Rūnanga
Rupe
Ruru
Taiaha
Taihoa
Taipo
Taipo
Takahe
Takapu
Tamaiti
Tamure
Tanekaha
Tangata
Tangi
Taniwha
Tapairu
Tapu
Tara
Taraire
Taramea
tarāmoa
Tarata
Tatarāmoa
Tatau
Taua
Tauhinu
Tauhou
Taupata
Tawa
Tawake
Tawatawa
Tawhai
Tawhara
Tawhiri
Tekoteko
Tēnā koe
Tena kōrua
Tena koutou
Terakihi
Tewhatewha
Tī
Tīeke
tī-kapu
Tiki
tī-kouka
Tikumu
tī-ngahere
tī-parae
tī-rauriki
Tītī
Titirangi
Titoki
Tīwakawaka
Toa
Toatoa
Toetoe
Tohunga
Tōrea
Toroa
Totara
Toutouwai
Tui
Tūkāuki
Tukutuku
Tuna
Tūrutu
Tutu
Umu
Upokotea
Utu
Wahine
Waiata
Waipiro
Warehou
Weka
wēta
Whai
Wharariki
Wharauroa
Wharawhara
Whare
whare-kura
whare-puni
whata
Whau
Wheke
Whio

Appendix III

Updated Māori word list for Predictive Text and other resources

419 entries.

Aotearoa
aroha
haere mai
haka
hangi
hapū
hīkoi
hui
iwi
kai
karakia
karanga
kaumātua
kauri
kia ora
kiwi
koha
kōhanga reo
mana
Māori
marae
moana
Pākehā
pounamu
rangatira
tama
tamāhine
tāne
tangata whenua
tangi
taonga
tapu
te reo Māori
tēnā koe
tuakana
wahine
wai
waiata
waka
whakapapa
whānau
whanaunga
whāngai
wharenui
whenua
Hanuere
Pepuere
Maehe
Aperira
Mei
Hune
Hūrae
Akuhata
Hepetema
Oketopa
Noema
Tīhema
tāhi
rua
toru
whā
rima
ono
whitu
waru
iwa
tekau
Rāhina
Rātū
Rāapa
Rāpare
Rāmere
Rāhoroi
Rātapu
Aoraki
Hawera
Hokaianga
Hokitika
Kaikoura
Kaitaia
Motueka
Oamaru
Ohakune
Orewa
Piha
Rangitoto
Rotorua
Taupo
Tauranga
Te Anau
Tokoroa
Waitangi
Wanaka
Wanganui
Whakatane
Whangamata
Whangarei
Whitianga
awa
hāngi
iti
mahi
manuhiri
Māori
maunga
Moa
motu
nui
pā
puku
Taihoa
tamariki
tipuna
tupuna
tuatara
whaikōrero
Haere mai!
kaikōrero
kaiwhai kōrero
Nau mai!
tangihanga
Whare horoi
Whare kai
Whare nui
Whare pakū
Whare whakairo
ihi
manaakitanga
mauri
noa
raupatu
rohe
tiaki
Tino Rangatiratanga
Tūrangawaewae
wehi
ariki
Ngāi Tātou
tamaiti
teina
taina
tipuna
tupuna
tuahine
tungāne
au
mānia
manga
ō
one
pae
papa
poto
puke
roa
roto
tai
whanga
E noho rā
E haere rā
Hei konā rā
mōrena
Nau mai
Tēnā kōrua
Tēnā koutou
Tēnā tātou kātoa
arero
Ihu
kakī
kauae
kauwae
kōpū
māhunga
manawa
niho
poho
raho
ringa
toto
tou
turi
tūtae
ū
upoko
ure
waewae
hamu
Hei matau
Ka pai
kai moana
Kete
Kina
Kumara
Moko
Pakeha
Tu meke
whanau
amo
haeremai
haerera
Hāpuku
Heitiki
hinau
horoeka
horopito
houhere
huhu
Hūia
Īnanga
Kahawai
Kahikatea
Kahikātoa
Kāhu
Kaikomako
kāinga
Kākā
Kākāpō
kākāriki
kakino
kāmahi
kanae
Kanaka
Karaka
karakine
Karamu
Kareao
Karoro
Katipo
Kawaka
Kawakawa
Kawau
kehua
Kererū
Kia
Kiekie
koe
koekoeā
kohekohe
kōhoperoa
kōhutuhutu
Kōkako
Kōkopu
kōkōwai
korau
Koreke
kōrero
Korimako
Koromiko
korua
Koruru
Kōtuku
Kōtukutuku
koukou
koutou
Kōwhai
kōwhai-ngutukaka
Kūaka
Kūmara
kuri
Māhoe
Maihi
Maire
Mako
Makomako
Mākutu
mānawa
Mangō
Mānuka
Maro
Matai
Matakite
Matipou
Matuku
mere
mingi
Mingimingi
Miromiro
Mohua
Moki
mokimoki
muka
namu
neinei
Ngaio
Ngirungiru
Ngutukaka
Nikau
niu
Ongaonga
pa
Pāpāuma
para
Pāraha
Parapara
pare
pārera
Pātaka
Patete
Pātiki
patu
Pāua
Pihanga
Pikau
Pikiarero
Pingao
Piopio
Pipi
Pīpipi
Pipiwharauroa
Piripiri
Piupiu
Pīwakawaka
Pōhue
Pōhutukawa
poi
Pōkākā
Ponga
Porangi
Porokaiwhiri
Poroporo
Poupou
Puawanānga
Puka
Pukatea
Pūkeko
Pūtangitangi
Ramarama
Rātā
Rauhuia
Raukawa
Raupeka
Raupeti
Raupo
Rengarenga
Rewarewa
Rimu
Riroriro
rō
roaroa
Rongopai
Rūnanga
Rupe
Ruru
Taiaha
Taipo
Takahe
Takapu
Tamure
Tanekaha
Tangata
Taniwha
Tapairu
Tara
Taraire
Taramea
tarāmoa
Tarata
Tatarāmoa
Tatau
Taua
Tauhinu
Tauhou
Taupata
Tawa
Tawake
Tawatawa
Tawhai
Tawhara
Tawhiri
Tekoteko
Tena kōrua
Tena koutou
Terakihi
Tewhatewha
Tī
Tīeke
tī-kapu
Tiki
tī-kouka
Tikumu
tī-ngahere
tī-parae
tī-rauriki
Tītī
Titirangi
Titoki
Tīwakawaka
toa
Toatoa
Toetoe
Tohunga
Tōrea
Toroa
Totara
Toutouwai
Tui
Tūkāuki
tukutuku
Tuna
Tūrutu
Tutu
umu
Upokotea
utu
waipiro
Warehou
Weka
wēta
Whai
Wharariki
Wharauroa
Wharawhara
Whare
whare-kura
whare-puni
whata
Whau
wheke
Whio

Appendix IV

100 most frequent Māori words used in Twitter

This word list is sourced from Indigenous Tweets, http://indigenoustweets.com/

Word	Frequency
aere	109
Aherimi	101
ā-hinengaro	133
Ahurutanga	130
Amaha	105
Apanere	351
aromatawaitia	148
arotakenga	152
Atahere	101
a-Ture	291
ekenga	127
haereerea	110
haerenga	2344
hautekau	402
hekenga	282
Hēnare	191
herenga	135
hinengaro	1131
Hirikia	156
Hōne	195
Iapehe	122
Iehoiara	259
Ieropoama	454
Ietereere	184
inenga	668
Ioaha	282
iriiria	240
kapenga	434
kaupapa-here	215
kawenga	1108
Keraria	141
kinongia	144
kitenga	1920
kokotikore	153
konatunatua	182
kōpa	346
korenga	100
kupenga	555
Maaheia	104
marietia	106
meatanga	1800
Mehurama	111
memenge	140
moenga	914
Napara	112
Nepukareha	131
ngohengohe	336
ngokingoki	229
Ninewe	106
nio	153
Nohotima	160
Opereeroma	108
ōwehenga	441
paenga	728
paewhakaata	1110
pareparenga	110
Peerehepa	192
Pōmare	108
poropititanga	186
putangaoro	126
rerenga	1462
rerengia	122
rewenakore	336
ringihanga	373
ritenga	1668
taenga	1471
Takapūwāhia	—
takenga	128
Tamahae	155
Tāmati	120
tauhiuhia	139
tauhono	204
Teruia	145
toenga	657
tonuhia	409
toou	108
totokore	725
Tuhorouta	111
tūhurangia	116
tūhuratia	121
Tūrongo	100
tuwhaina	108
ururuatia	251
waenga	1233
waenganui	7149
wāwāhitanga	135
wehenga	946
wehewehenga	113
wehingia	123
whaitakenga	—
whakaaroa	276
whakaarokore	199
whakahaerenga	167
whakahekenga	134
whakaherea	294
whakainumia	—
Whakakapenga	111
whakakitenga	339
whakaminenga	2161
whakapaia	122
whakaponokore	176
whakarerenga	150
whakaritenga	1751

Mary Boyce 978 frequent words of Māori – in frequency order

Note: the closer a word is to the top of this list, the more frequent it is.

te
i
ki
ka
e
ngā
o
a
he
ko
ana
atu
me
mai
ia
kei
kia

Words above this point in the list occurred 5000 times or more in the corpus

nā
kua
rā
nei
haere
hoki
tētahi
anō
mahi
mea
hei
tonu
mō
ā
tēnei
koe
kōrero
rātou
au
ai
mā
roto
whanaunga
ake
tino
ahau

Words above this point in the list occurred 2000 times or more in the corpus

noa
noho
rawa
kātahi
nui
kore
ō
mōhio
reira
tātou
āhua
whakaaro
iho
tamariki
kī
tangata
whare
tae
kāore
kura
puta
kite
ōna
wāhi
whakaaturanga
ēnei
rua
tōku
tū
tēnā
waka
Māori, māori
pikitia
koutou
rangi
iwi
mau
taha
whenua
reo
rānei
ao
taua
māmā

Words above this point in the list occurred 1000 times or more in the corpus

kāinga
manu
whai
rākau
titiro
māua
hoa
kaha
taea
mātau
roa
tekau
pāpā
muri
kāre
mua
pea
arā
moana
whānau
raro
rere
toa
tika
tuatahi
kupu
ingoa
pā
kotahi
ahakoa
tāngata
momo
pātai
pēnei
kitea
pērā
huri
pō
papa
rite
tere
tīmata
waiata
kaupapa
mere
ora
rongo
tata
tākaro
tohu
taonga
hiahia
hanga
tama
hau
āta
matua
tikanga
mate
mutu
whakaahua
whakautu
mehemea
tangi
awa
pēhea
ringa
waho
toru
ika
rau
konei
moe

Words above this point in the list occurred 500 times or more in the corpus

ōku
tāna
pou
tuna
anake
heke
tahi
kākahu
wāhanga
pakeke
āe
āwhina
kaua
rangatira
whakataetae
karanga
iti
pukapuka
maha
kuia
pango
ērā
aua
take
tāne
hea
i nāianei (written as ināianei in older texts)
hou
ehara
tinana
ahi
oma
rōpū
marama
hēoi
Ngāti
wahine
huarahi
hia
āhuatanga
kau
mihi
ngaro
aku
pouaka
auē
kōrua
tuarua
aroha
uru
anei
waewae
hua
rārangi
rerekē
maunga
tāua
piki
tauira
rima
whaea
whakaatu
āna
whā
mātua
tuhi
kiia
tuku
pepa
rō
kete
moko
toi
kāhore
hāora
Pākehā
tipu
māku
ata
mutunga
whatu
huia
pīrangi
waea
whakamārama
tīma
waenganui
tiaki
oti
rūma
mana
taki
ara
hunga
motokā
rahi
tōu
tawhiti
tāku
ako
riro
kurī
wera
mēnā
koia
ngahere
tiro
ātaahua
kararehe
mīharo
motu
nuinga
reka
tai
eke
kanohi
taka
whakahoki
tatari
kata
toka
kino
whakarongo
kōtiro
koroua
mātauranga
puku
tiki
hui
ono
tamaiti
mataku
otirā
takoto
koro
moni
pū
mīhini
hoatu
mahia
paku
nāna
hāereere
hoko
mārama
mahana
waru
nē
marae
tatau
tuhia
hangaia
horoi
kiri
rawe
waiho
kēmu
taniwha
kōhanga
hīkoi
tukuna
kapa
whānui
tūturu
haka
hī
koinei
uaua
whakaae
utu
kimi
inā
hopu
kawe
whetū
māna
tua
rangatahi
wāhine
mokopuna
pau
hū
pupuri

Words above this point in the list occurred 200 times or more in the corpus

taumaha
tipuna
koa
haerenga
whakahaere
mata
oho
kāti
kaitā
pae
putanga
karaka
tāu
upoko
tīpuna
pānui
patu
wiki
rohe
kanikani
kaukau
whero
ngākau
ngāwari
peke
hine
waha
oranga
tohutohu
wehi
karu
taputapu
whiwhi
pēke
taenga
whiti
mātakitaki
whakamahi
tango
whakaata
hē
raruraru
tonga
miraka
moenga
tautoko
whawhai
tirohia
whakamahia
ahu
māhanga
ngaru
poto
nāianei
manawa
ture
matau
mura
iwa
ōu
pōtae
teitei
atua
tokorua
nama
poaka
tini
tohunga
waimarie
kiwi
kō
kuhu
whea
neke
tangohia
mano
hōiho
taringa
hiko
rorohiko
tapu
ōrite
whāngai
hika
ina
tūpato
huna
kaitiaki
kui
hinga
tūtaki
aho
ākonga
hiki
pēpi
takiwā
toroa
hari
kōkā
mahara
pēnā
whārangi
āu
kaiako
piri
uri
mamae
kaimahi
māhunga
wawata
hēki
moemoeā
pōro
rapu
wānanga
kāinga
ngutu
hinengaro
whitu
hā
kaumātua
māu
moutere
tāone
karakia
mōkai
pakanga
rīwai
pī
hinu
pōuri
ahiahi
haruru
kāo
kapu
poti
wareware
whakarite
anga
kāri
rino
tono
whakawhiti
tēhea
tētehi
hākinakina
mahue
maumahara
taura
āhei
kaipuke
ohorere
parāoa
peka
puare
puke
kōhatu
tahuri
tuatoru
wairua
wehe
mōna
whakamātau
whakamutunga
whakapono
inu
tēpu
tiriti
huruhuru
one
kahurangi
mahere
makawe
rama
roimata
whakatau
kauwhata
niho
nunui
paepae
rongonui
wātea
ārai
pounamu
ringaringa
haramai (haere mai)
mauria
taraka
oneone
taumata
hoariri
hokinga
kitenga
puna
tirotiro
whakamuri
whakatipu
āku
hoe
karani
nuku
poi
tūmanako
tūranga
uta
pirihimana
punua
pupuhi
whakamau
anā
aro
kiore
makariri
whakararo
āpōpō
nāku
painga
pūtaiao
ua
whakangahau
māharahara
pakaru
whakaari
mauī
putiputi
tīmatanga
ihu
raki
rererangi
maroke
matapihi
ngeru
pene
pāmu
tapa
tōkena
pouaka whakaata
meneti
pito
tūrehu
umere
huka
raru
riri
tākuta
manaaki
motuhake
peita
keke
tunu
tūru
whakatū
hāngai
hōia
hurihuri
kīhai
kirikiri
mārō
pūkaha
rapa
reti
ū
whakaritea
hai
pakupaku
ruku
taihoa
tawhito
whutupōro
ātea
awhi
māra
miro
mita
puhi
ākuanei
kapua
tina
tukua
waenga

Words above this point in the list occurred 100 times or more in the corpus

here
kaiwhakahaere
kakī
whāiti
haurua
ine
pakari
patua
tipua
tuakana
kare
moka
pākete
whakahokia
ārahi
mātaki
mōhiotia
pahi
pātītī
tuarā
hākari
haria
heihei
pōhēhē
purua
toro
waihanga
harakeke
hōhā
mātao
nāwai
pēkana
pono
tapahia
whāia
whakahirahira
hono
matimati
pakitara
atawhai
hangarau
hararei
manuhiri
mōku
rīpene
wero
hokohoko
kākano
pīpī
uhi
whakaora
whakatā
kākāriki
kauhoe
hāparangi
hapū
huakina
ira
māia
mokemoke
otaota
pūkenga
tūpuna
kāpia
rata
tīkina
herea
tupu
paoro
poro
tumeke
whakatakoto
whanga
mīti
tāia
whakaputa
whakatika
koi
pere
tirohanga
toe
toenga
tungāne
whakamā
tao
taro
tokomaha
whakamīharo
hōmai
karāhe
katakata
kāwanatanga
kōwhai
mākū
mauri
parakuihi
purapura
pūrere
rēhia
tī
tukutuku
whakamua
whakarunga
hā
harikoa
ipu
irirangi
maramara
marangai
pāngarau
puehu
purei
tuhituhi
whāinga
whakamāori
pahū
tame
ngārara
noke
parirau
tapahi
ope
whakamaua
wiriwiri
hipi
matekai
pari
poraka
porohita
porowhita
tamatāne
tutuki
weka
wīra
auahi
ētehi
kaituhi
kōtuku
rāwhiti
teina
hāngi
kaikōrero
kāreti
pata
rango
taiapa
tāra
tihi
tohorā
turituri
whakangā
āporo
hōhonu
kongakonga
makere
nanakia
tari
tīni
tote
tōtika
whakamātautau
whakatūpato
kauaka
kāwana
kekeno
mārika
matū
ngata
pare
tuahine
whakatata
rerenga
tāhau
tokotoru
tomo
whakapapa
akoranga
kaute
kēhua
kūmara
tuhinga
whakahau
aituā
kohi
konā
paipa
paru
pūngāwerewere
rangona
rekareka
tātai
tuawhā
kawenga
pēwhea
tinihanga
wharekura
horo
koha
manga
pani
pātene
pāua
rori
tapuwae
tauhou
whakaheke
whakakī
whakapakari
kaitākaro
kōiwi
kupenga
pekapeka
ēnā
hao
hemo
kāpata
ngenge
pana
ui
uku
uwha
whakauru
ariki
kāwhe
kikī
kohikohi
miriona
panga
tāhuhu
toto
wehenga
whakanui
auau
kāpene
karere
kiromita
nekeneke
paki
pakipaki
pūtake
putu
reri
whakatikatika
hāmama
hauora
kapi
ngunguru
pātata
pātiki
roanga
tira
tuanui
whakapae
whāriki
kakara
kawea
kimihia
kōhua
kukume
ngātahi
piriti
retireti
rita
tamāhine
taraiwa
tarau
tuki
whara
haina
kā
kake
kano
mīere
panana
piro
pūrākau
tāpiri
tohua
whakatoi
whiua
ahatia
ākau
āwangawanga
kaimoana
kaipūtaiao
kānga
māhau
mokomoko
pūmau
rongoā
taupoki
tuhituhinga
awatea
haunga
hokona
kahu
mōhiotanga
pirau
pūrerehua
uira
whakatūria
whiu
haki
hāunga
koina
maringi
ngau
oreore
parauri
tonoa
whakairo
whakapaipai
whāwhā
kōkiri
kōpae
pāhi
paruparu
poka
puru
tātahi
uhia
wao
kara
kōrerorero
kōrerotia
piupiu
puoro
pūtea
reta
tonutia
hekenga
meatia
nau
ngaungau
nōku
nōna
pakiwaitara
pupū
taitama
taunga
wahie
waiariki
whakahīhī
whakapiri
whāki
aihikirīmi
hara
kakau
kōrere
kuini
pōhatu
wawe
whakapai
aorangi
hāwhe
huritau
kamo

How to cite this page

Taiuru, K. (2006, February 9). Predictive Txt Database. Taiuru & Associates Ltd. https://www.taiuru.co.nz/predictive-txt-database/